The development of renewable energy policy frameworks, particularly for solar energy in agriculture, is vital to mitigate the environmental impacts of fossil fuel dependence. Most farmers still rely heavily on fossil fuels, which undermines sustainable agriculture and accelerates resource depletion, global warming, and water scarcity. Renewable energies, being environmentally compatible, are thus a strategic necessity for sustainable agricultural development. This study aimed to propose suitable policy frameworks for promoting solar energy use in Iran’s agricultural sector. Using a mixed-method approach library and documentary review followed by a field survey the research identified key factors influencing policy implementation. In the first phase, interviews were conducted with policymakers and experts involved in national scientific and energy documents to refine the conceptual framework and identify major implementation barriers. In the second phase, a questionnaire quantified and weighted these barriers using a t-test (test value = 3) at a 95% confidence level. Findings revealed that financial support and incentives for farmers were the most crucial factors enabling solar energy adoption. Comparative analysis showed Iran’s unfavorable position relative to developed countries, largely due to the absence of strategic vision. Hence, strategic foresight and applied research are essential to advance renewable energy use in Iran’s agriculture.