There are different forms and modes of the planning problem in complex reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS), most of which have primarily focused on the effective and efficient utilization of tools and machine allocation. However, sustainability considerations have often been overlooked in such approaches. This study is designed to introduce a planning model for the operation stages of machining complex products within a factory equipped with a reconfigurable manufacturing system. The primary objective of the proposed model is to enhance system performance while ensuring optimal, low-cost utilization of equipment, machinery, and tools. Unlike traditional planning approaches, this model extends beyond mere production efficiency by integrating sustainability-oriented strategies. Specifically, it incorporates key elements such as reducing energy consumption, minimizing idle time, optimizing operation durations, and improving the processes of tool exchange and replacement. By addressing both operational effectiveness and environmental responsibility, the model provides a holistic framework for planning in RMS environments. Ultimately, the integration of sustainability concepts into reconfigurable manufacturing planning not only contributes to lowering production costs but also strengthens long-term competitiveness and resilience in manufacturing industries, aligning industrial practices with contemporary goals of sustainable development.